The Effect of a Program Based on the Common-Sense Model on Illness Perception and Health-Promoting Behaviors in Women with Breast Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

Abstract

Background:Breast cancer survivors face substantial challenges, including the risk of disease recurrence and the development of secondary chronic conditions. These issues create significant burdens for both patients and healthcare systems. Many survivors struggle to maintain health-promoting behaviors, which highlights the need for tailored educational interventions. This study examines the effectiveness of an intervention program, based on the Common-Sense Model, in improving illness perception and promoting healthy behaviors among breast cancer survivors. Materials and Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted between November 2023 and February 2024, enrolling 72 women with breast cancer from selected treatment centers in Isfahan, Iran. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling and randomly allocated to either the intervention group (n = 36) or the control group (n = 36). The educational intervention was delivered by a multidisciplinary team over four consecutive weeks and included virtual support sessions. Both groups completed validated questionnaires measuring illness perception and health-promoting behaviors at baseline and post-intervention. Data analysis employed descriptive and inferential statistical methods.Results:Prior to the intervention, no significant differences were observed between the groups (p > 0.05). However, the intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in the mean scores for overall illness perception and health-promoting behaviors following the intervention (p < 0.001). Conclusions:The results indicate that educational interventions based on the Common-Sense Model can effectively enhance illness perception and health-promoting behaviors among breast cancer patients. It is recommended that nurses incorporate this model into their clinical practice to improve patients' illness perceptions and promote healthy behaviors alongside standard care protocols.