Comparison of Two Protocols of Traditional Resistance and High-Intensity Interval Resistance Training on the Expression of miR-146a, Lipid Profile, Hormonal Responses and Body Composition in Men with Overweight/Obesity

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a complex disorder influenced by various factors, leading to metabolic and molecular alterations, including alterations in gene expression. Resistance training is recognized as an effective approach to enhance body composition and metabolic health. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of traditional resistance training (TRT) versus high-intensity interval resistance training (HIIRT) on miR-146 expression, hormonal responses, and lipid profile of men with overweight/obesity. Methods: The present study is a controlled clinical trial conducted in a quasi-experimental pre-post test design. 45 overweight men were randomly assigned to three groups: HIIRT, TRT, and control. The exercise interventions included TRT and HIIRT, which were performed 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks. The expression of miR-146a was measured by real-time PCR, hormonal variables, and lipid profile using specific kits in the pre-and post-test stages. Findings: The results indicated a significant reduction in miR146 expression in both the HIIRT and TRT groups compared to baseline values(p=0.001), with no significant difference between the two training modalities. HDL levels increased significantly in both training groups(p<0.05), but alterations in LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were not statistically significant. The HIIRT demonstrated significant effects on testosterone and cortisol levels when compared to the control group (p<0.05), yet no significant differences were found between the two training groups. Conclusion: Both HIIRT and TRT methods led to improvements in metabolic indices, body composition, and muscle strength among overweight men. It appears that HIIRT may serve as a viable alternative to TRT for enhancing metabolic health and physical fitness. © 2026, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.