Comparing the efficacy of kligman formula alone and with fractional Q switched Nd: YAG laser in treatment of melasma

Abstract

Background: Melasma is an acquired pigmentation disorder in all types of skin especially in women. Researchers are certain to find effective and less recurrence rate treatment. This study compared the effectiveness of Kligman formula alone and its combination therapy with fractional Q switched Nd: YAG laser in the treatment of melasma. Methods: In this clinical trial, 50 patients with melasma were randomly divided into two groups of 25. The first group treated with Kligman formula and the second group treated with combination of Kligman formula and fractional Q switched Nd: YAG laser. Area expansion, pigmentation and melasma uniformity, melasma area and severity index score (MASI) score, patient opinion immediately after the completion of treatment and 6 months after starting it, were recorded. The results were analyzed using ANOVA test. Findings: In both methods, there were significant differences after treatment in the development of pigmentation and MASI score compared to before it; but no significant differences were observed between the two methods. The inverse relation was observed between the age and the result of treatment and recurrence of melasma in both groups. Dry skin was occurred in one case of combination therapy. Conclusion: In this study, significant improvement was seen in both groups; but, there was no significant difference between the two approaches. It seems that increasing the number and reducing the time between laser sessions can create a more appropriate response. In addition, due to the recurrence of melasma after the end of treatment, there is a need for continuation the treatment using lightening compounds as Kligman formula and Peel felt.