Mortality and Morbidity Due to Exposure to Ambient NO2, SO2, and O-3 in Isfahan in 2013-2014

Abstract

Background: The presence of air pollutants such as CO, NO2, SO2, O-3, and PM in the ambient air mainly emitted from fossil fuels combustion has become a major health concern. The aims of this study were to estimate the attribution of NO2, SO2, and O-3 in the premature deaths and prevalence of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Isfahan in 2013-2014. Methods: In this study, short-term health effects (total mortality, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and acute myocardial infarction) of exposure NO2, SO2, and O-3 on the population of Isfahan were assessed using AirQ 2.2.3 software suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO). Results: The result showed that from nonaccident total mortality in 2013-2014 in Isfahan, the attributable proportion related to NO2, SO2, and O-3 were 1.03 (109 cases), 3.46 (365 cases), and 1.29 (136 cases), respectively. The percentage of days that people were exposed to the highest concentration of NO2 (40-49 mu g/m3), SO2 (60-69 mu g/m3), and O-3 (40-49 mu g/m(3)) was 34.46, 16.85, and 42.74 of a year, respectively. Total mortality attributed to NO2, SO2, and O-3 exposure was 0.36, 0.79, and 0.83, respectively. Conclusions: The concentrations of NO2 and SO2 were upper than the WHO guidelines. The Air-Q software in spite of its limitations can provide useful information regarding the health outcome of the air pollutants. The results estimated in this study were considerable. This information can help the health authorities and policy makers to draw suitable strategies and fulfill effective emission control programs.