The Impacts of Gastroileostomy Rat Model on Glucagon-like Peptide-1 a Promising Model to Control Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background One of the new current treatment options for Diabetes Mellitus is about increasing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) activity. GLP-1 with its incretin effect showed major role in glucose homeostasis. Gastroileostomy can increase GLP-1 secretion by rapid delivery of undigested food to the terminal ileum. We studied the early effects of a gastroileostomy on serum levels of GLP-1, glucose, and insulin in rats. Methods Gastroileostomies with side-to-side anastomosis were performed on 15 male New Zealand rats. Blood samples were obtained before and 1 week after the gastroileostomy. Results Our results showed that the rats lost a lot of weight from start (330 +/- 15 g) to the end (240 +/- 25 g) of the experiment (p = 0.048). The data analysis showed that the gastroileostomy surgery elevates the level of GLP-lin plasma significantly (89.1852 vs. 177.440 respectively; p < 0.001) and caused a significant decrease in plasma glucose as well (92.00 and 66.29 mg/dL respectively; p < 0.001). However, the insulin state elevated after the surgery significantly (8.03 vs. 9.89; p < 0.001). Conclusion In this study, we showed the effectiveness of gastroileostomy treatment to decrease body weight and plasma glucose with increased GLP-1 in rats. This small rat model suggests the potential of this surgery to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus.